Deskriptive text

Natural Bridge National Park

Identification

Natural Bridge National Parkis a luscious tropical rainforest.

Description

It is located 110 kilometres south of Brisbane and is reached by following the Pacific Highway to Nerang and then by travelling through the Numinbah Valley. This scenic roadway lies in the shadow of the Lamington National Park. 

The phenomenon of the rock formed into a natural ‘arch’ and the cave through which a waterfall cascadesis a short 1 kilometre walk below a dense rainforest canopy from the main picnic area. Swimming is permitted in the rock pools. Night-time visitors to the cave will discover the uniquefeature of the glow worms. 

Picnic areasoffer toilets, barbecues, shelter sheds, water and fireplaces; however, overnight camping is not permitted.

Cara membedakan Descriptive dengan Report, terletak pada penjelasan dalam deskripsi tersebut. Kalau benda/orang/tempat tsb hanya satu dan dideskripsikan secara detail/spesifik, maka dia descriptive. Sedangkan kalau deskripsinya hanya secara umum, maka dia Report.

 

 

Report text

To describe the way things are, with reference to a range of natural, man-made and social phenomena in our environment.

Generic structure/ bentuk umum

General classification: tells what the phenomenon under discussion is.

Description tells what the phenomenon under discussion is like in terms of (1) parts, (2) qualities, (3) habits or behaviors, if living; uses, if non-natural.

example:

Whales 

General Classification

Whales aresea-living mammals                     fact  
Description: (behaviours, qualities, parts) 

They therefore breathe air but cannot survive on land. Some species are very large indeed and the blue whale, whichcan exceed 30m in length, is the largest animal to have lived on earth. Superficially, the whale looksrather like a fish, but there are important differences in its external structure: its tail consists of a pair of broad, flat, horizontal paddles (the tail of a fish isvertical) and it has a single nostril on top of its large, broad head. The skin is smooth and shiny and beneath it lies a layer of fat (blubber). This isup to 30 cm in thickness and serves to conserve heat and body fluids. 

Check the bold : focus on generic participant:  focus pada kata-kata spesifik dari objek

Chek the red: using a simple present tense. Kata-kata menggunakan simple present tense

significan lexicogrammatical feature:

• Focus on Generic Participants.
• Use of Relational Processes to state what is and that which it is.
• Use of simple present tense (unless extinct).
•  No temporal sequence.

PROCEDURE

PROCEDURE


Procedures help us do a task or make something. They can be a set of instructions or directions eg step by step method to germinate seeds. The text below is an example of a procedure. The labels show the structure
and language features of procedure text. Procedures begin by outlining an aim or goal. Sometimes there is a list of the materials and equipment needed. The steps are then listed in order.

Teks Prosedur adalah teks yang isinya mengenai langkah-langkah/step bagaimana membuat/ melakukan sesuatu.

example Teks Prosedur

1)    How to Plant a Flower. (Ini adalah Aim/Goal)

Materials and Tools: A pail, a flower pot, a water dipper or water hose and a pair of gloves, soil and manure.

Steps:
-    Take a pail of soil from the backyard. Mix the soil and the manure.

-      Put the mixture in the flower pot. - Plant tha flower in the flower pot.

-      Take some water using the water dipper. Sprinkle the plant

-      Put a little soil around the plant

-       

2)    LOOP-THE-LOOP PAPER PLANE .

Materials needed:

• A sheet of heavy paper

• A pencil

• Sharp scissors

• A paper clip

• Crayons Method:

Here’s a paper airplane that will fly in circles.

1. First fold the paper in half the long way.
2. Then draw an airplane with wings and tail on it.
3. Next draw a line about an inch away from the fold on each side the full length of paper.
4. Then cut out the airplane, but do not cut on the fold.
5. After that spread out the airplane and colour it. You can draw airplane markings near each wing tip.
6. Next refold your airplane. Now fold each wing down along the time drawn on it.
7. Then add a paper clip to the nose. You can change the way your airplane flies by changing the wing shape and putting more than one paper clip on the nose.

note:
Teks Procedure Generic Structure: Aim/Goal - Materials – Steps
Tenses used in procedure: Simple Present in Imperative.

NARRATIVE TEXT

NARRATIVE

Teks naratif adalah teks yang isinya cerita (fiksi/non fiksi/dongeng/cerita rakyat, dll) dan dalam alur cerita /plotnya selalu disertai dengan puncak masalah/ klimaks cerita (complication) kemudian diikuti dengan penyelesaian masalah (Resolution)

Generic Structures: bentuk umum dari narrative teks

Orientation - Complication - Evaluation (optional) - Resolution

explanation (penjelasan)

• Orientation: it is about WHO, WHEN, and WHERE the story happened. orientation: berisi tentang SIAPA, KAPAN, dan DIMANA cerita itu terjadi 
• Evaluation: it is optional, it is usually used to make the story more interesting. evaluation: adalah pilihan, itu biasanya dibuat supaya cerita lebih menarik.
• Complication: it is about the conflict or the big problem of the story. A story can have more than one complication. Complication: adalah tentang konflik atau permasalahan inti yang ada di dalam cerita. cerita bisa mempunyai lebih dari satu complication.
• Resolution: it is the solution of the problem. It can be a happy or sad ending. resolution: adalah solusi dari permasalahan di cerita. itu bisa berakhir senang ataupun berakhir sedih.

Example:

                      

Snow White

Orientation

Once upon a timethere lived a little girl named Snow White. She livedwith her Aunt and Uncle because her parents weredead.

Major Complication

One dayshe heard her Uncle and Aunt talkingabout leaving Snow White in the castle because they bothwanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.

Resolution

Snow Whitedid not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home whenher Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast. She ran awayinto the woods.

Complication

She was very tired and hungry.

Resolution

Then she sawthis little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep.

Complication

Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, what is your name? Snow White said, ‘My name is Snow White’.

Major Resolution

Doc said, ‘If you wish, you may live here with us”. Snow White said, ‘Oh could(I) ?.Thankyou’. Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.

Yes No Question

There are many types of questions in English. The easiest are questions that can be
answered "yes" or "no."

Bahasa Inggris memiliki berbagai macam tipe pertanyaan. Cara termudah adalah pertanyaan yang bisa dijawab dengan ya atau tidak.

A: Are you from around here?                 A: Do you come here often?

B: Yes, I am.                                           B: Yes, I do.

A: Can I buy you a drink?                       A: Are you married?

B: No, thanks.                                        B: Yes, I am.

sebelum kita menggunakan pola yes no question alangkah baiknya kita belajar tentang bagaimana cara membuat berdasarkan struktur yang benar.

To form a question from a statement, first count the number of verbs.

John is a doctor.		One verb: is (be)
Jane drives a sports car.		One verb: drives
Joan played basketball last night.		One verb: played
Jan is eating her dinner.		Two verbs: is eating
June has rented an apartment.		Two verbs: has rented
Jen has been living there since 1969.		Three verbs: has been living

If there is one verb in the statement and the verb is a form of be, simply switch the
positions of the subject and verb.

Statement		Question
John is a doctor.		Is John a doctor?
The Jensens are here.		Are the Jensens here?

If there are two verbs, simply switch the positions of the subject and first verb.

Statement		Question
Jan is eating dinner.		Is Jan eating dinner?
June has rented an apartment.		Has June rented an apartment?
Jen has been living here since 1969.		Has Jen been living here since 1969?

If there is one verb, and the verb is not a form of be, the process is more complex.

1. Add Do to the beginning of the sentence.

The Johnsons live in that house.

Do the Johnsons live in that house?

2. If the main verb "carries" a third person singular s, move the s to Do, making it Does.

Jane drives a car.		Do Jane drives a car? (Not finished yet!)
		Does Jane drive a car? (Good question!)

3. If the main verb "carries" past tense, move the past tense to Do, making it Did.

Joan played basketball last night.		Do Joan played basketball? (Not finished yet!)
		Did Joan play basketball? (Good question!)

In conversation, most questions are asked of the second person (you) and answered in
the first (I).

A: Are you from California?

B: No, I'm from Oregon. Are you?

A: Yes, I'm from Hollywood.

B: Do you know any movie stars?

A: No, I don't go out at night.

In British English, the main verb havesometimes functions like be in questions. This is
not common in American English.

Statement		Question
You have a pet ferret.		Have you a pet ferret? (British)
		Do you have a pet ferret? (American)